Nutrition and Dietetics

Diet for the Kidneys

People with kidney disease should follow a renal diet. It helps the kidneys work properly and keeps waste products from building up in the blood. A renal diet usually has low levels of sodium and phosphorus and controls protein intake. But a qualified dietitian should always make the plan fit the patient's medical condition and nutritional needs.

Foods to eat

• Fresh veggies like garlic, onion, cabbage, and cauliflower

• Fresh fruits like apples, strawberries, and cherries

• Egg whites and other proteins that don't have a lot of phosphorus

Foods you should limit or stay away from

• Dark sodas and other processed drinks

• Foods high in potassium, like avocados

• Foods that come in cans or packages

• Brown rice and whole wheat bread

• Oranges and bananas (including orange juice)

• Potatoes, sweet potatoes, dairy products, and pickles

Diet for the Liver

A hepatic diet is for people with liver problems. It focuses on supporting liver function and reducing stress on the organ. The goal is to eat foods that are easy for the liver to process while avoiding those that add to its workload.

Foods to eat:

• A well-balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, grains, healthy oils, dairy products, and lean meats

• Foods high in fibre that help keep the liver healthy, like fruits, vegetables, cereals, and whole grains

• Light, low-fat meals that are easier for the liver to process

Foods you should limit or stay away from

• Foods that are fried, fast food, takeaway, and snacks that are high in fat

• Refined starches like white bread, cakes, and pastries

• Foods with a lot of sugar, like candy, desserts, and sugary cereals

• Too much salt, canned meats, and processed deli foods

• Alcohol, which should be cut back on or completely avoided to keep the liver healthy

Diet for People with Diabetes

People with high blood sugar levels should eat a diabetic diet to keep their glucose levels stable and their overall health in check. Choosing the right foods can help manage blood sugar and reduce the risk of complications.

Things to eat

• Vegetables with few carbs, like onions, eggplant, zucchini, mushrooms, tomatoes, and Brussels sprouts

• Leafy greens like spinach, salads, and chard

• Drinks with few calories, like lemon water and cucumber juice

• Whole grains, lentils, beans, and peas that are high in fibre

• Foods high in protein, like Greek yoghurt, cottage cheese, eggs, and lean meats

• Good fats like olive oil and avocados

• Fruits like apples, melons, and papayas in small amounts

Things to limit or avoid

• Sugary drinks like sodas, fruit juices, and energy drinks

• Refined carbs like white bread, white rice, and pastries

• Fried and processed foods high in unhealthy fats

• Sweets, candy, and desserts that cause blood sugar spikes

• Too much salt and processed snacks

• Alcohol, which can affect blood sugar levels